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Legend
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Exact locality, based on specimen(s) or photographs examined |
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Exact locality, based on literature record believed valid |
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Approximate locality based on specimen(s) or photographs examined |
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Approximate locality based on literature record believed valid |
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County record only, based on specimens or photographs examined |
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County record only, based on literature report believed valid |
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Type locality |
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Taxonomy:
Three of the nine recognized subspecies of Milksnake (Crother et al. 2008) occur
in Tennessee (Conant and Collins 1998).
These include L. t. elapsoides
(Scarlet Kingsnake), L. t. syspila
(Red Milksnake), and L. t. triangulum
(Eastern Milksnake).
Distribution: Milksnakes are known from throughout the state, with
the greatest concentration of records coming from East and Middle Tennessee.
Conant and Collin’s (1998) distribution map for the species shows
Lampropeltis t. triangulum occupying
the region of upper East Tennessee, L. t. syspila distributed across most of West Tennessee,
L. t. elapsoides extending southward
along the Tennessee River from southern Land Between The Lakes to the
Mississippi/Alabama border, and overlapping ranges for all three subspecies in
Middle and lower East Tennessee. According
to Williams (1988), in these areas of sympatry
L. t. elapsoides and L. t. syspila
behave like valid species, but reports an intergrade between the two in Decatur
County, which is adjacent to the lower Tennessee River in West Tennessee.
In a study focusing on L.
triangulum populations in western Kentucky and adjacent Tennessee, Armstrong
et al. (2001) obtained evidence that L. t.
elapsoides and L. t. syspila
coexists with little or no gene flow in that area.
Intergrades between L. t.
triangulum and L. t. syspila were
reported by Williams (1988) based on specimens from Stewart and Houston counties
in extreme northwestern Middle Tennessee.
Specimens Examined by Counties: Bledsoe—FLMNH
10823.
Blount—GSMNP 4020, 4021.
Campbell— FLMNH 10825.
Cannon—MTSU 42S, 117S.
Carter—LSUMZ 47033; USNM 44340,
44341.
Cocke— APSU
1421; FLMNH 10832; USNM 168253, 184320.
Davidson—APSU 2127, 4512;
CMNH R1630; LSUMZ 34899, 43941; TTU uncataloged.
Decatur—UMMZ 72253.
DeKalb—TTU uncataloged.
Franklin—MCZ
60851, 60853, 127729; USNM 56471. Giles—APSU
17721.
Grainger—UMMZ 99084.
Greene—UMMZ 103577.
Grundy—LSUMZ 44003; MCZ 60852.
Hamilton—USNM 142042.
Hardeman—APSU 16871; LSUMZ 44002.
Houston—APSU 3266, 17575.
Humphreys—APSU 17648.
Johnson—UMMZ 116312.
Knox—MCZ 3945, 14007; USNM 226575;
UTKVZC 4176.
Lake—APSU 5672; CMNH
21728; NCSM 8142.
Lewis—UMMZ 155659.
Lincoln—NCSM 15055.
Madison—LSUMZ 43950.
Marion—MCZ 60850.
McMinn—FLMNH 10833; NCSM 8171,
8172.
Monroe—FLMNH 10824, 10826, 10827, 10829-10831; NCSM 8176, 8182,
8311-8318; USNM 523614, RH 79-119.
Montgomery—APSU 2128, 3508, 5164,
6125.
Morgan—TTU uncataloged.
Obion—MTSU 164S; UIMNH 21.
Polk—NCSM 8427.
Rutherford—MTSU 74S.
Scott—APSU 6147.
Sevier—FLMNH 10828; GSMNP 4013,
4014, 4022-4024, 10905; INHS 6635; USNM 123341.
Shelby—APSU 13341, 13343,
13344; CMNH 125779.
Stewart—APSU 285, 547, 555, 559, 3731, 4746, 4747, 5073, 18102.
Trousdale—APSU 18180.
Wilson—TTU 575, 577, 778.
Literature Sources by Counties:
Anderson—Johnson (1964).
Bledsoe—Williams (1988).
Blount—King (1939).
Campbell—Williams (1988).
Cocke—Williams (1988).
Davidson—Rhoads (1895), Blanchard
(1921), Williams (1988), Armstrong et al. (2001).
Decatur—Dury and Gessing (1940),
Williams (1988).
DeKalb—Harris (1967).
Franklin—Blanchard (1921),
McCrady and Rodarmor (1967), Cameron and McCrady (1978), Williams (1988).
Grainger—Williams (1988).
Greene—Williams (1988).
Grundy—Williams (1988).
Hardeman—Norton (1971), Norton and Harvey (1975).
Henry—Gentry (1956).
Johnson—Williams (1988).
Knox—Blanchard (1921), Williams
(1988).
Lake—Williams (1988).
McMinn—Williams (1988).
Monroe—Williams (1988).
Montgomery—Scott
(1967), Scott and
Snyder (1968), Zirkle (1993), Armstrong et al. (2001).
Obion—Parker (1948), Tanner and Loomis (1957), Williams (1988).
Overton—DeLottelle (1976).
Polk—Ash (1945).
Roane—Johnson (1964).
Rutherford—Spiess (2004),
Niemiller et al. (2011).
Sevier—Bishop (1928), Necker
(1934), King (1939), Williams (1988).
Shelby—Parker (1948), Hassell
(1961).
Stewart—Williams (1988), Scott (1990), Armstrong et al. (2001),
Davenport (2005), Davenport and Scott (2009).
Trousdale—Glorioso and Pruett (2007).
Unicoi—Williams (1988).
Wilson—Jordan et al.
(1968), Jordan (1986), Niemiller et al. (2011).
Questionable and/or Erroneous Records: None.
Conservation Status: None.
Posted: 27 March 2009
Latest Revision: 25 July 2011
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